双语综述罕见非上皮性卵巢癌病理学,
2016-10-12 来源:本站原创 浏览次数:次WilliamD.Foulkesa,b,*,MartinGorec,W.GlennMcCluggaged
威廉D?福克斯a,b,*,马汀·高尔c,W?格林麦克克鲁哥格吉d
aDept.ofHumanGenetics,McGillUniversity,Canada
bDept.ofMedicalGenetics,JewishGeneralHospitalandMcGillUniversityHealthCentre,McGillUniversity,Montreal,QC,Canada
cRoyalMarsdenHospital,London,UnitedKingdom
dDepartmentofPathology,BelfastHealthandSocialCareTrust,Belfast,UnitedKingdom
a加拿大,麦克吉尔大学,人类遗传研究室
b加拿大,QC,蒙哥利特,麦克吉尔大学,犹太总医院和麦克吉尔大学卫生中心,医学遗传学研究室
c英国,伦敦,医院
d英国,贝尔法斯特省,贝尔法斯特卫生与社会关怀托管病理部。
HIGHLIGHTS
?Non-epithelialovariantumorsoftenposechallengestocliniciansandpathologists.
?Moleculargeneticevaluationcanaidthepathologistinmakingadiagnosis.
?Treatmentshouldbeguidedbybasiconcologicalprinciples.
?Managementbyexpertsisadvisablegiventherarityofmostofthesetumors.
重要内容
?临床医生和病理学专家往往面临非上皮性卵巢肿瘤引发的挑战。
?病理学专家可以借助分子遗传学评估进行诊断。
?治疗方案应以基本治疗原则为指导
?由于这种肿瘤中的大多数是罕见的,建议专业治疗。
Keywords:Smallcellcarcinomaoftheovary;hypercalcemictype;Ovariansexcord-stromaltumours;SMARCA4;DICER1;FOXL2
关键词:卵巢小细胞癌;高血钙型;卵巢性索间质瘤;SMARCA4;DICER1;FOXL2
Abstract
摘要
Rarenon-epithelialovarianneoplasmshaveposedmanagementchallengesformanyyears.Theirraritymeansthatmostspecialistpractitionerswillseeonesuchcaseeveryseveralyears,andmostgeneralistsmayneverseeacase.Thefirststepinmanagementistoestablishthecorrectdiagnosisandthismaynecessitatespecialistpathologyreview.Here,wereviewrecentdevelopmentsinthepathology,geneticsandtreatmentofsmallcellcarcinomaoftheovary,hypercalcemictype(SCCOHT)andsexcord-stromaltumours.
多年来,罕见的非上皮性卵巢肿瘤带来了许多治疗方面的挑战。其罕见性意味着大多数医生可能在数年内才能遇见一例非上皮性卵巢肿瘤患者,许多医生可能终其一生也见不到一例。管控第一步是正确诊断,这可能需要进行专门的病理检查。在这里,我们回顾了卵巢小细胞癌病理学,遗传学和治疗,以及高钙血症型(SCCOHT)和性索间质瘤的最新进展。
Pathologically,thesetumoursoftendisplaymorphologicaloverlapwithotherneoplasms;forexample,SCCOHToverlapswithmanyother“smallroundbluecell”tumours.Specificimmunohistochemicalstains,whileuseful,maynotalwaysbedefinitive.ThediscoveryofsomaticmutationsinFOXL2(adultgranulosacelltumours)andgermlineandsomaticmutationsinDICER1(Sertoli–Leydigcelltumours)andSMARCA4(SCCOHT)hasdemonstratedthevalueofmolecularinvestigationasanadjuncttotraditionalhistopathologicalapproaches.
病理学上,这些肿瘤通常显示与其他赘生物形态重叠;例如,SCCOHT与其他许多“小圆形蓝色细胞”肿瘤重叠。特定的免疫组化染色尽管有用,但可能并不总是起决定作用的。FOXL2(成人颗粒细胞瘤)和生殖细胞体细胞突变,以及DICER1(Sertoli–Leydig细胞肿瘤)和SMARCA4(SCCOHT)体细胞突变的发现表明:作为传统组织病理学辅助手段,分子诊断的价值。
Inaddition,thepresenceofgermlinemutationsinasignificantproportionofsomeoftheseneoplasmspointstotheneedforgeneticcounsellingandtesting,offeringtheprospectofpreventionandearlydiagnosis.Treatmentoftheseraretumours,asagroup,shouldbeonthebasisofsoundoncologicalprinciples,giventhatlevel1evidencewillalmostalwaysbelacking.Therationaleforexperimentaltherapiesmustbeclearlyestablished.Inviewofthe白癜风好治愈吗白癜风可以完全治好吗